Apparatus for finishing cylindrical articles



Sept. 16, 195 F. L. WHITE APPARATUS FOR FINISHING CYLINDRICAL ARTICLES Filed March 8, 1950 Patented Sept. l6, 1952 .1

' ArlzfluiArrtls-"For: riiiflsialrimroizii iuinrelat v ARTICLES '1' has. White, .iChicago, 111.,

assignor to Crane :otv Illinois appliance -Marnie,1950;stutrndnggt? invention relates-team apparatusior'finishing cylindrical articles. For:purposes-ofKillns tration, this invention will be, --desbribed with reference to 1 its application to lappingia-cylindrical surface by means'ofaflat rotating platen.

-It is known that. inorder' to secure an abradin effect upon a cylindrical-surface therevrhustwbe relative movement between. thatsurfjaceand the surface carrying the'abradant; ".Wherethe iatter is .a disc; a rolling '2 action instead cram abra'ding action .will I be r secured :loetweenx. tl1e 2' cylindrical surface and the: surface 101; the" discif the lcyli-n' drical surface is :disposed: with? its axis coinciding with the radius of the'disc; Under these=conditions, there will :betsomez'relative movement/be tween the two inasmuch .xa'si the'iliriear -.-v eloci ty ofidifierent portionsofthe.surface of the. disc will vary in proportiorrtoitheradial. positionof such portions;wherea's the-"linearwelocity'. of? all parts of the cylindrical surfacerwill be :thefsame. :It has been'proposed toiform anabradmg' disc for. alapping 'machine" orzxtheitlike ewithwadial slotsfor carrying away'excess'flapping compound as well as the cuttings" removed-:byjthe -:lapping operation. With such a surface; airad-ial disposition of the axis of; the cylindrical; article: would result ina periodic longitudinaliicuttingz Of'EthG cylindrical surface by; the "edges or: ithBxQSlOtS, which,;of course; is not desirablerfromthe standpoint or. the formation. oi}; grooves jinrthe cylindrical surface; p 7. The principal?- object: of. this invention is. to provide an apparatus for. finishing wylindrical surfaces wherein the above-mentioned: difiiculties ec b a d and: a perfect y smootnza-ndregular cylindrical surfaceis obtained}?v It has; also beeniound that hould an: effectiye relative rotation'be ;obtained;between a=cylindrica-l surface andthe surface oftheifdisc-shaped platen, the abrading effect will; be greatest, at the radially outward portion of they'cylinjdrical surface, and'that should: the finlshingwoperation continue for; any length-oi time, -a; -taperedsurface will resultr e n It is accordinglyanother object- -0f ,:this invention to provide anapparatus forproducing a3 true cylindrical surface on a cylindrical objectiwhich is being abraded by a disc-shaped platen-,;-regardless of theduration of. the finishingaoperation. These and; other objects of "this: invention will become apparent from tthe following detailed description'lwhen taken together with'athe a'ccompanying drawings,:in which J '1 is a fragnientary:yertical sectiomtaken thrbfighlasilllachin'e whlch incorpcrate I0- 5 collar 120%which-issecuredfby"arpin 2| to pin 18.

all; claims. (01. 5.1 4.29):

'tatable-platniorfinishing acylindrical surface;

Figl 2 is a planyiew 10f a -portion o'f the apparatus of -Fier 'ly- I Fig. 3 is i a plan view of the. platen used to abrad'e the -cylindrical..surfaceptogether with a diagrammatic showing o'f thet disposition of the cylindrical surface-on the :platen' lat different timesin the cycle of the:finishingroperationfi'and Fig; 4* is a VleW of =the cylinder showing the effector the abradingoperation onithe cylinder.

Referring now tothe drawihgsl fora -det'ailed description of the invention "and .particularly to Fig; 1,2 therexis sliowrr a fram'e [0 0f an article finishing machine suclras a lapp'ing machine, said frame having :fixed theretol'a b' racket I I having}. a;-cress:.-.bar. I2 eiitending partially over f rame2 IEL. Rotatablyamounted with respect to frame, 1 0:isuaadisceshaped platen 13 having an annular-work surface 1.4? (Fig.9 3).. which' isipr fectly flatiand; smoothresaidn surface [4; isiin terrupted byi-m'eansof: aplurality of radially :disposed-slots 15, .the iunctionLof-vwhichis to receive excess abradingacompound asfwe'll asv zthezwa'ste materialvproduced as a resultirof: theiifinishing operation..- The {slots-.15 are substantially t-con-' tinuous across the usable surface i of laten: l 3 to enable the operator to insert a cleaning. tool therein. ySuitable means (not. shown) may be provided-for rotating platenizl 3: at. a predetermined speed. during the; finishing operation;

pcross; barn" isprovided with'anopening ll through which extends agpin .l8z.with :axslipfit to .enablethe pin to-slidetoandiromthe platen. Said pinl 8 terminates at its upper endin a .knob 19,1 and iszprovidedq nearyits lower end..with a Between collarfifiian'd crossbar-1'2 is compressed a springzz the-function of which is to urgeipin Hi downwardly toward :platen l3. intermediate cross-bar Aland: knob -:-l9 ,:is' a,;bar.;2311which"is pinned-at 24to-pin l8 ,andis notched at it's free end- 215;-(E ig, 2); to receive alockirigipin 26 secured to cross bar 12; A second locking ,pin" Z'l'lQcated 180i away from: pin 26'; isfifixe'dyto :cross l2l.a'nd is; likewise: dapted to; receive the slotted end .of bar; 23 :Itr is contemplated-Ethat .pin 1 8: may be raised against the 'action ofspringZZ; by. means of knobjduntilnotchii clears spin 26,1and then turned; through 180"; until. notch islalig ned with 'pin 21,; :whereupon :pin 13' maybe auewed toreturn to its lowered-position andthus become is necessary to permit the yoke to adjust itself.

to any undulations which might be produced by a slightly oiT-center mounting of platen l3 on its drive shaft.

Yoke 3| has a center pin 35 which fits into center hole 29 in cylinder 28, and a second center pin 36 which fits into the opposite center hole 30 of said cylinder. Pin 36 is axially slidable relative to yoke 3| and is provided with a knob 37 by which it may be operated. A collar 38 and a spring 39 compressed between yoke 3| and collar 38 serve'to hold pin 36 in the center hole 30. Cylinder 28 is thus held in yoke 3| by center pins 35 and 36, said pin 35 being fixed in yoke 3| and center, pin 36 being axially movable so as to permit a sufiicient separation of the center pins 35 and 36 to allow the removal ofthe cylindrical article 28 from the yoke 3| and the loading of another cylinder into the yoke. The axial movement of pin 36 is effected by the operator holding the knob 31 away from yoke 3|.

Referring now to Figs. 3 and 4, it will be observed that the cylinder 28 is shown in two .positions both of which are. disposed at angles to radii passing through the axis of the cylinder. It will be noted specifically that the radial slots 15 do not coincide with the axis of the cylinder 23 but cross it at all points. Since the axis is parallel to the elements of the cylindrical surface, it

follows that the elements of the cylindrical surface will not be aligned with the slots. It will be apparent therefore thatthe creationiof sharp, axially disposed lines in the surface of. the cylinder is eliminated. by the angular disposition of the cylinder and that the slots in effect sweep across the cylindrical surface as the latter is being abraded.

The mode of operating the apparatus for 0btaining a true cylindrical surface on an article irrespective of the length of time that the article is being abraded by a disc-type abrading wheel,

comprises the following steps:

The cylindrical article is first mounted in yoke 3| and the yoke is then disposed relative toplaten l3 substantially as shown at 28 of Fig. 3 with end A of the axis of the cylinder nearest the center of the platen I 3. This position is obtained by pulling upward on knob 19 against the action of spring 22 until notch 25 in bar '23 is aligned with pin 26 so as to embrace said pin. The knob is then lowered to receive pin 26 in notch 25, thereby fixing pin 18 at a predetermined angle with respect to the platen and also holding it against rotation about its own axis. The article is then run for a short test period sufiicient to determine the rate of removal of stock for a given speed of rotation of platen l3 and a predetermined quality and quantity of abrading compound. From this test period, there is calculated the total time required to remove the stock to produce the desired diameter This total time is then divided of the cylinder. in half and the cylinder is abraded by the platen I3, for one-half the total time. During the abrading operation, spring 22 will maintain a predetermined pressure between the cylinder 28 and lap l3 and the'cylindrical surface may become a tapered surface by the removal of stock a as shown in Fig. 4. After the lapse of said half period, cylinder 28 is lifted from platen [3 by knob l9 until bar 23 is free of pin 26, whereupon pin I8 is rotatedsubstantially 180 until notch 25 is aligned with pin 21. Pin I8 is then lowered until pin 21 is received in said notch 25. This reverses the position of the axis of the cylindrical article so that end B thereof is now nearest the center of platen l3. Spring 22 will again maintain the same pressure between cylindrical article 28 and platen l3 and the article is abraded for the remaining one-half period in this position. During the latter one-half period, the stock shown at b in Fig. 4 will be removed and since equal periods of time are used, equal quantitles of stock will be removed, thereby restoring the surface to its original cylindrical form. Thus, whenever a conical or taper efiectiis produced by the operation of the platen 13 upon a cylindrical article in the first position, it is completely compensated for by reversing the" position of the cylindrical article and the .net result is that a true cylindricalsurface is'obtained'substantially as desired, bothas to quality of finish and qu antityof stock removed.

The angle between the cylinder axis and the radius intersecting the axis may vary in accordance with the cutting speed'desired'. Thesmaller the angle, the slower the stock removal and conversely, the greater the anglethefaster the stock removal. 7 If the. angle is too small, ihowever, trouble will be encountered withthe slots in the platen, and if the angle is too large, the cylinder will fail to turn, thus causing aifiat spot on the cylindrical surface. 'An angle'of from 25? to 35 has been found to'be satisfactory,

It is. understood that the foregoing description is merely illustrative of apreferred embodiment of. the invention and that the scope of the invention therefore is not toibe limitedythereto but is to be determined by the appended claims.

What is claimed is: v

1. Apparatus for finishing cylindrical surfaces by abrasion, said apparatus comprising a rotatable platen havingan abrasive fiat'annular surface, a frame on which the platen is rotatably mounted, and means on said framefor' supporting on said annular surface an article having a cylindrical surface, with the said cylindrical surface contacting the annular surface, said means comprising a yoke, pivot meanson the yoke for supporting the article for rotation about the axis of the cylindrical surface, a pin, means mounting the yoke on the pin with a limited universal movement, and means on the supporting means for supporting the pin above the annular surface to locate the article on the'annular surface.

7 2. Apparatus as described in claim 1, a'fixed bar extending over the annular surface, said bar having an opening therein and Said Dill being axially slidably supported in said opening.- and means connected to the pin and 'tojsaid bar for holding said pin against turningabout the axis of said pin. 7 Q: f r

3. Apparatus as described inclairn l; a. fixed bar extendingover the annular surface, said bar having an opening therein andsaid" pin being axially slidably supported in said opening, a bar fixed to the pin, and means locking .the'pin bar to the fixed bar in eithe'rxonelof two positions;

4. Apparatus as; described: in; claim 1', .a fixed bar extending over the, annular surface; said bar having an opening therein and said pin being axially slidably supported in said opening, a bar fixed to the pin and having a notched end, and a pair of pins on the fixed bar, one on each side of the opening, said last-mentioned pins being located to be received within the said notch, thereby holding the pin bar in either one of two positions relative to the fixed bar.

FRED L. WHITE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file 01 this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date Re. 12,790 Wall May 5, 1908 794,375 Nazel July 11, 1905 Number Number Name Date McCullough Oct. 24, 1916 Mudra. Mar. 9, 1926 Blood Nov. 2, 1926 Chermak et a1. May 10, 1927 Arter June 30, 19 31 Kranich May 4, 1937 Markwick et a1 May 23, 1939 Wallace Mar. 26, 1940 Jarrett Feb. 24, 1942 Grogan Oct. 17, 1950 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain Sept. 14, 1856 Germany June 26, 1912 

